近日，河南多地发生的特大暴雨引发了极为严重的洪涝灾害，这场雨到底有多大？数据显示，17日20时到20日20时，三天的过程降雨量617.1mm，相当于这三天下了以往一年的量，突破我国陆地国家气象站一小时最大降雨量记录，有杭州网友算了一下，这数据相当于把150个西湖倒进了郑州…

来看下新华网的报道↓

The central Chinese city of Zhengzhou has been lashed by record rainstorms, causing severe waterlogging, traffic disruptions, and power outages.

中国中部城市郑州遭遇创纪录特大暴雨袭击，造成严重内涝、交通中断和停电。

The record rains have prompted the flood control and drought relief headquarters in the capital city of Henan Province to upgrade the flooding emergency response level to its highest on Wednesday morning.

7月21日凌晨，位于郑州市的河南省水利厅将防汛应急响应级别提升至I级。

Zhengzhou received average precipitation of 457.5 mm within 24 hours to 5 p.m. Tuesday, the highest daily rainfall since the weather record began. The city also reported record-high hourly precipitation of 201.9 mm between 4 p.m. and 5 p.m. on Tuesday, the Henan provincial meteorological center said.

据河南省气象局消息，截至20日下午5时，郑州市过去24小时降雨量达457.5毫米，单日降雨量突破建站以来历史极值。20日16-17时降雨量达201.9毫米。

The severe waterlogging has led to the virtual paralysis of the city's road traffic. Over 80 bus lines have been suspended, more than 100 temporarily detoured, and the subway service has also been temporarily suspended.

严重内涝导致郑州城市交通几近瘫痪。目前，郑州市80多条公交线路临时停运，100多条临时绕行，地铁全线暂停服务。

Rainwater poured into the subway tunnel of the city's Line Five, trapping an unknown number of passengers aboard a subway train.

暴雨雨水倒灌入地下隧道和5号线列车内，被困于车厢中的乘客人数不明。

Police officers, firefighters, and workers from the local subdistrict have arrived at the site for the rescue operation.

目前，公安、消防、办事处等救援单位已抵达现场正在紧张救援。

面对突如其来的洪水，应该怎么做才能趋利避害，保护好自己呢？

Being caught in a flood is incrediblydangerous. Like many other natural disasters, floods can occur with little tono warning. Flash floods move quickly and have strong currents. They are knownto rip trees out of the ground, destroy buildings and cause bridges tocollapse.

被困在洪水中是极其危险的。和许多其他自然灾害一样，洪灾会在毫无预警的情况下发生。洪水会在瞬间暴发，来势汹涌，可以把树连根拔起，摧毁建筑物，冲垮桥梁。

Of course, drowning is a threat during aflood, not only because there is so much water and it’s movingquickly, but also because of what the water is carrying. Debris caught in thecurrent can injure anyone in the floodwater, making it more difficult to swimor tread water.

当然，洪灾期间有溺水危险，不仅是因为水很大而且水流很急，还因为水还会带来其他东西。水流中携带的碎片会导致困在洪水中的人受伤，还会让游泳或蹚水变得更加困难。

Additionally, floods can cause poweroutages, communication disruptions, traffic jams and widespread destruction.And, the flood itself isn’t the only issue to contend with. The aftermath can be just asdeadly, as it may not be possible to deliver essential supplies such as waterand food to the area.

此外，洪水还会导致断电、通信中断、交通拥堵和大面积的破坏。而且，你要对付的不光是洪水。洪水的余波同样致命，因为可能无法向灾区运送水和食物等必需品。

If a flood warning has been issued, seekshelter immediately. Never attempt to walk, swim or drive through floodwaters.It only takes six inches of moving water to knock a person off their feet, andbeing knocked unconscious by a fall into moving water could be fatal.Additionally, as little as one foot of flood water can sweep cars away.

如果官方发布了洪水预警，要立即寻找庇护所。千万不要试图蹚水、在洪水中游泳或驾车。6英寸（0.15米）高的流动水就能把一个人击倒在地，而在水流中被击昏是很危险的。另外，仅仅1英尺（0.3米）高的洪水就可以把车冲走。

突发洪水逃生指南：

1. Avoid bridges that cross rapidly-movingwater, as floodwaters can cause bridges to collapse.

避开架在湍急水流之上的桥梁，因为洪水可能会把桥冲垮。

2. Listen to emergency broadcasts forfurther instructions. If told to evacuate, do so.

收听应急广播里的指令。如果指令要求你撤离，就撤离。

3. Stay inside a car trapped by fast-movingwater. Only get out if the water begins to flood the car itself, then move tothe roof of the vehicle.

如果你的车被湍急的水流困住了，就待在车里。如果水开始涌进车里，就转移到车顶上。

4. If trapped within a flooding building,move to the highest floor. Do not go into the attic, as it is possible tobecome trapped there without a way to escape. Only relocate to the roof ifnecessary. Once there, signal for help (such as drawing SOS on the roof).

如果你被困在洪水泛滥的建筑物里，就上最高层。不要去阁楼，因为阁楼没有逃生通道，可能会被困在里面。如果有必要，就转移到屋顶。在屋顶上发信号求救，比如在屋顶上画SOS。

5. Avoid power lines, as they are oftendamaged or knocked down during strong storms and flooding. A downed power linecan cause surrounding water to become charged, leading to electrocution.

远离电线，因为暴雨和洪水往往会损坏或击落电线。被击落的电线会让周围的水带电，从而导致触电死亡。

洪水过后，你需要这样做：

Do not drink flood water, or use it to washdishes, brush teeth, or wash/prepare food. Drink clean, safe water. If youevacuated, return to your home only after local authorities have said it issafe to do so. Use only bottled, boiled, or treated water for drinking,cooking, bathing, etc. Avoid driving through flooded areas and standing water.As little as six inches of water can cause you to lose control of your vehicle.

不要饮用洪水，或用洪水洗碗、刷牙、清洗食物或做饭。一定要饮用干净、安全的水。如果你撤离了，只有当地权威部门表示已经安全的情况下才能回家。饮水、做饭、洗澡等都只用瓶装水、沸水或处理过的水。避免驾车经过灾区和积水区，6英寸高的水就能让你失去对车的控制。

暴雨的英文表达

torrential downpours/rains 倾盆大雨

rain cats and dogs 倾盆大雨（俚语表达，与rain heavily等同）

a fierce storm 强风暴

rainstorms 暴风雨

torrential rain 暴雨

the fury of a storm 狂风暴雨

the bluster of the wind and rain 狂风暴雨

the violent thunderstorms 强烈的雷暴

the violent storm 暴风

a heavy rainfall 大雨，暴雨

pouring rain 瓢泼大雨

cloudburst （突然的）大暴雨

heavy rain 暴雨

downpour 倾盆大雨

storm/tempest/rainstorms 暴风雨

red/orange/yellow/blue rainstorm alert 红色/ 橙色/ 黄色/ 蓝色暴雨预警

洪水及抗洪抢险有关英文表达

floods/floodwater/inundation 洪水

relief 救灾

freshet 河水猛涨/涨水

water levels 水位

to burst their banks/breaching of the dyke 决堤/溃堤

watercourses 河道/水道

the flood level 洪水水位

warning level 警戒水位

flash floods 山洪暴发

water discharge 水流量/排水

water reservoirs 水库

Office of State Flood Control and Drought Relief Headquarters 国家防汛抗旱总指挥部

disaster areas 受灾地区

evacuate 疏散

rescue boats 救生艇

stranded residents 受困居民

temporary tents 临时帐篷

settlements 临时居住点

plug the breach 封堵决堤口

inundate crops 淹没农田

worst hit 最严重受灾地区

burst the banks 决堤

low-lying areas 低洼地区

landslides 山崩/滑坡

emergency alert level 紧急警戒级别

emergency materials 紧急援助物资

inflatable boats 充气艇

rubber boats 橡皮艇

fuel barrels 燃料桶

life vests 救生衣

the frontline of flood prevention 抗击洪水的前线

exceed warning levels 超出警戒线

a crucial period of flood control 洪水防控关键时期

emergency response 应急反应

disaster relief efforts 救灾工作

flood-affected poor residents 受灾的贫困人口

strengthen coordination 增强协调

allocate the rescue personnel and supplies in a more scientific way 科学分配人力和物资

cause casualties and property losses 造成人员伤亡和财产损失

双语来源：CDC、modernsurvival；中国日报网、译世界，仅分享如有侵权联系删